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on this day in July

July 1

1903  The first stage of the first Tour de France

July 2

1865  The Salvation Army was started by William Booth with a revival meeting in East London

July 3

Aah ... the Tour de France

The Mallard1954  Food rationing ended in the UK

1938  LNER's steam locomotive The Mallard achieved a record speed of 126mph

1899  Captain Joshua Slocum completed the first solo circumnavigation of the world

July 4

1862  Lewis Carroll first recounted Alice's Adventures in Wonderland whilst on a picnic with Lorina, Alice, and Edith Liddell

1776  US Independence Day

July 5

1952  London's last tram made its final  journey

July 6

1957  Paul McCartney met John Lennon at a church picnic

July 7

2002  Argentinean David Nalbandian became the first player in the Open era to reach the final of Wimbledon men's singles at the first attempt

1985  Boris Becker became the first German, the first unseeded and, at 17, the youngest ever player to win the men's singles at Wimbledon

July 8

1978  Reinhold Messner and Peter Habeler made the first ascent of Everest without the use of oxygen

1942  Cary Grant married the Woolworth heiress Barbara Hutton

1889  The American John L Sullivan won the last bare knuckle heavyweight world boxing title

July 9

Charlotte Reinagle Cooper  1871-19??1922  Johnny Weismuller became the first person to swim 100 metres in less than a minute

1900  Charlotte Cooper, representing Great Britain, became the first woman to win an Olympic gold medal when she won the tennis singles final

July 10

Telstar1989  Maurice (Mo) Johnston became the first Roman Catholic player to join Glasgow Rangers when he transferred from FC Nantes for £1.5 million

1962  Telstar I, the world's first television telecommunications satellite, was launched

1943  The ball-point pen, invented by Lazlo Biro, was patented

July 11

1302  Battle of the Golden Spurs

July 12

1910  Charles Stewart Rolls, co-founder of Rolls-Royce, became the first Briton to be killed in a plane crash

July 13

Buckingham Palace1837  Buckingham Palace became a royal residence

1793  Charlotte Corday assassinated Jean Paul Marat

July 14

1952  Television was first transmitted in Scotland

1891  The first submarine telephone line was laid across the English Channel

1885  The Gilbert and Sullivan opera The Mikado opened

July 15

1869  Hippolytes Mege Mouries patented margarine in France

July 16

1927  The world's smallest public railway - the Romney, Hythe and Dymchurch  - was opened

July 17

1841  Punch was first published

July 18
Aah ... the Tour de France

Nelson Mandela  1918-1955  11 inches (280 mm) of rain fell on Martinstown, Dorset

1925  The first volume of Hitler's Mein Kampf (My Struggle) was published

1918  Nelson Mandela was born

1872  The Ballot Act (making the ballot secret) was passed in the UK

July 19

1969  John Fairfax completed the first solo Atlantic crossing in a rowing boat

1962  The first telephone call was made via Telstar - from London to New York

1961  TWA became the first airline to introduce regular in-flight films with a screening on a scheduled flight from New York to Los Angeles of By Love Possessed starring Lana Turner

1821  Queen Caroline was forcibly prevented from appearing at the coronation of George IV

July 20

Harry Worth  1917-19891989  The comedian Harry Worth died

1969  Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin landed on the Moon

1947  Jean Robic won the first post-war Tour de France without ever wearing the yellow jersey

July 21

1989  The comedian Ken Dodd was cleared of eight charges of tax fraud and false accounting at Liverpool Crown Court

1896  The first Royal Command Film Performance took place at Marlborough House in London

1809  Daniel Lambert, who weighed 52.5 stones (735 lbs), died

July 22

John Herbert Dillinger  1903-19341934  John Dillinger, American bank robber, was shot and killed by law officers whilst leaving the Biograph Cinema, Chicago

1933  The aviator Wiley Post, in his aeroplane Winnie Mae, became the first person to fly solo around the world

July 23

1967  Tommy Simpson died on Mont Ventoux during the 13th stage of the Tour de France

1963  Stephen Ward was found guilty of living on the immoral earnings of Christine Keeler and others

July 24

1947  The ejector seat was first tried from an aircraft in flight

1851  Window tax was abolished in the UK

1701  Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac founded the city of Detroit

July 25

1984  Soviet astronaut Svetlana Savitskaya became the first woman to walk in space

July 26

1908  The Federal Bureau of Investigation was founded

July 27

1981  Ken Barlow married Deirdre Langton

July 28

2001  Tragedy! After 26 years Ray Kent, Framlingham's only remaining butcher, closed

July 29

1948  In the UK two years of bread rationing came to an end

July 30

1980  The Anglo-French Pacific condominium of the New Hebrides became the independent republic Vanuatu

1935  The first Penguin paperback went on sale

1930  The host nation Uruguay won the first football World Cup

July 31

1954  An Italian expedition climbed Mount Godwin Austen (now known as K2) in the Himalayas

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